Sunday, February 8, 2015

INDIA REPUBLIC DAY LEH AUSTRALIA DAY

January 26 hi India ramah chuan kan hriat theuh angin sorkar chawlh a ni a. Sorkar chawlh a nih chhan chu British sorkar laka inrelbawlna hrang, ram inenkawlna danpui a taka hman tan ni a nih vang a ni. Awpbeh te tan chuan he ni hi ni pawimawh tak a ni a. Zalenna dar vuak ni tak tak pawh a tih theih ang. Mizo te thinlungah erawh chuan ni pawimawh tak a ni lem lo.

England Lalnu Queen Elizabeth-i’n December 31, 1600 khan khawchhak lama sumdawnna lam buaipui tura din British East India Company chu Royal Charter sorkar thuchhuah hmangin sumdawn theihna tura phalna a pe a. India ram leh Qing dynasty rorelna China ram chinah la, silk, chi, thingpui leh opium te chu a sumdawnna bungrua lian ber a ni.

India ram puma British East India Company-in hmun a khuar tanna tak tak chu 23 June 1757-a Plassey indona (Battle of Plassey) atang khan a ni a. Hemi ni hi Kolkata atanga km 150 vela hla Baghirathi lui kama Palashi (Plassey) ah British East India Company sipai ten Bengal lal Niwab Siraj-ud-daulah sipai te indonaa an hneh ni a ni.

British East India Company-in kum za chhung India ram puma thuneihna a chelh hnuah May 10, 1857 khan an rorelna paihthlak tumin India mi Kumpinu sipaia tang thahnem tak an hel a. Ram pumah a alh chhuak lo nain nasa takin Kumpinu sorkar chu a nghawr nghing a. Mi tam takin nunna an chan nghe nghe. Hemi tum hian Jhansi lalnu huaisen Rani Laksmibai pawh Mizo lal Lalnu Ropuiliani angin a tlawm duh lova, India ram awptu Kumpinu sorkar chu a thih thlengin a do a ni. Sap ho hian “Sepoy Mutiny” te tiin han sawi thin mah se, history lam ziaktu India hnam rilru pu te chuan “India’s First War of Independence” tiin an ziak thin. 

Kumpinu sorkarin hnehna chang mah se, British sorkar chuan boruak thalo zel tur vengthawngin India ram chu sumdawng pawl British East India Company hnuaiah mai nilo sorkar hnuaia enkawl ni turin August 2, 1858 khan British Parliament ah Government of India Act, 1858 hmangin thu a ti tlu a. Zirlaibu atanga kan hriat angin India ram chu August 15, 1947-a independence puan hma zawng British sorkarin a awp a. January 26, 1950 khan mahnia ro in rel tak tak turin Dr.B.R.Ambedkar-a hova uluk taka an lo buatsaih rampum danpui (constitution) chu hman tan a ni ta a ni. August 15, 1947 leh January 26, 1950 inkar Constitution hman hma zawng khan India rama thuneitu sang ber chu a hmingin British lal a la ni a. Constitution hman tan a nih chiah khan India ram chu ram zalen tak tak, mahnia ro inrel – sovereign – a ni ta a ni.


British ho hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah ram an awp hnem thin hle a. India rama ro an rel hunlai te pawh khan khawvel hmun hrang hrangah ram an awp nual. Ram ni tla seng lova roreltu tih tawngkam te pawh a piang hial a nih kha. Australia pawh hi USA ni ta British colony 13-ten zalenna an sual chhuah hnua British sorkarin ram a hloh ai ang deuhva a zawnchhuah leh a zu ta neih a ni a. A tawi zawngin sawi ta ila January 26, 1788 khan England atanga tirhchhuah lawng 11 commanding officer Captain Arthur Phillip-a’n tuna Sydney khua ni ta hmun pakhat Sydney Cove ah British Lalpa King George III-a hmingin British flag chu a pawtparh a. Chuta tang chuan Australia ram chu British sorkar tan a hauh nghal a ni.

Hun a kal zel a, 1901 khan Australia rama state hrang hrang te’n ram khat ni turin an inzawmkhawm a. Amaherawhchu, he ni January 26 hi state hrang hrangah ni pawimawha hman a nih dan a inang lo, 1994 chauh khan Australia ram pumah a ruala hman tan a ni a. “Australia Day” tia koh a ni a, sorkar chawlh a ni. Ram pumah lawmna buatsaih thin a ni a. Intihhlimna chi hrang hrang leh Australia rama hnam hrang hrang awmkhawmte culture pholanna hun atan te hman thin a ni. Tin, Australia khua leh tui ni tharte puala hun hman a ni thin bawk a. Citizenship ceremony program hlung taka hman thin a ni. Kumin Australia Day khan ram dang mi 16000 chuang  Australia khua leh tui nihna pek an ni a. A tam ber chu UK atanga lo kal niin, a dawttu chu India ram mi an ni.
Australia Day hi ram pumah an lawm nain mingo ho rawn luh hmaa lo cheng tawh Aborigine hnamte chuan he ni hi an hnam tana ni duhawmlovah an ngai a. Ramdang miin an zalenna leh mahnia ro an inrelna (sovereignty) an rawn tihchhiat niah te pawh an ngai bawk. Tin, a hming pawh “Australia Day” tia ko lovin “Invasion Day” te an ti hial a ni.

The Lushai expedition in Mizoram sketched by
Lieutenant BWG Cole in the 
Illustrated London News 1889
Australia rama indigenous hnam tan chuan sap hovin ram an zu neih kha anmahnia ro an inrelna tibuaitu leh titawptu a ni a. Chaklo zawk ni mah se, vawiin thleng hian a ram neitu hmasa an nihna hi an la auchhuahpui nasa hle a ni.

British hovin Assam ram an awp china Mizo Lalten an zu beih chhinchhiah hmasak ber chu 1826 a ni a. 1850 thleng khan Assam ram china British officer te khan Mizo Lal te run an tawk kum tin a, sap ho tan khan Mizo Lalte kha an hnawksak in an hlauhawm hle a ni. 1849 ah phei chuan Mizo pasaltha rual an che na hle a, British sorkarin Sylhet Light Infantry commander Col.Frederick Lister-a leh a hote chu Mizo Lalte han tudai turin an tir hial a ni. Hemi tum hian Mizo Lalten ral an beihnaa sal an man mi 400 lai Col.Lister-a leh a sipaite hian an chhanchhuak niin Sir Thomas Mackenzie-a lehkhabu “North-east frontier of Bengal” Bung XII-naa inziak dan angin ziakmi Bertram Sausmarez Carey leh Henry Newman Tuck-a te chuan an ziak a. 1862 vel thleng chu Mizo Lalte khan thawm an nei zui lutuk lo niin history chuan a chhinchhiah.

1870 chho bawr velah khan Mizo Lalte chu an che tan leh a. January 23, 1871 khan Cachar district khawthlang lama thingtlang khaw pakhat Ainerkhal chu Mizo pasaltha ten an bei a. Hemi ni vek hian Sailam Lal Bengkhuaia leh a hote chuan Alexandrapur thingpui huan an zu bei thut a. A hnu zel chu Mizo te chanchin khawvelin a hriat phahna a ni ta tih kan hre theuh awm e. A tawi zawngin sawi ta ila, Mary Winchester chhanchhuak tura British sorkarin Brigadier General Charles H.Brownlow leh a sipaite a rawn tirh hnu atang khan mahnia ro kan inrelna (sovereignty) chu a tawp ta a ni. Khami tum khan Mizo pasaltha engemaw zat an thi nghe nghe.

Mizote hian kan hnam history ennawn duhna kan nei lian ta telh telh niin a lang a. A bikin sap hovin kan ram an thenhran dan te. Thenkhatin, kan hnam Zonunmawi tichhetuah sap ho – missionary te pawh – an puh bawk a. Australia-a indigenous thenkhatte pawh hian chutiang chiah chuan mingo ho hi an hmu a. Ram zalen an ni bawk a, an sawiin an ziak nasa khawp mai. Australia Day nia tar ni ngeia lang poster pakhat ka hmuh chu heti hian a inziak a: “...227 YEARS STAY. SEND BACK THE FLEET.” A bul chiahah Australia ram zu fang hmasatu Captain Cook-a, a hnua Hawaii thliarkar indigenous hnam hovin an vawhlum lai lem a lo intar bawk a. “The Death Of Captain Cook Was Awesome. Kill Your Coloniser!” tih a inziak a.

Aborigine ho te awm hle hle lai mingo hovin an zu tibuai te; keini tlangmi ho kan ram luah chinah sap hovin min rawn luhchilh a, kan zalenna leh mahnia ro kan inrelna min rawn tihtawp sak te hi ngaihtuahchian chuan tlawmna leh channa lian tak a ni a. Thinrimna tur pawh tam tak a awm ang. A hnua India rama rin luh kan ni ta ringawt te, kan unau thisen zawmpui te “ramdang mi” a an chhuak ta ringawt te hi thil fello tak chu a ni. British ho demin hun hmang dawn ila, kum tam kan thin a rim ang. India sorkar demin hun hmang dawn ila, silai chelek duhna khawp boruak a chhuak leh thei ang. He’ng hnam rahbeh leh awpbeha awm Aboriginal ho te leh keini Mizo te pawh hian sap ho vanga kan zalenna kan chan rual hian sap ho kaltlang bawkin malsawmna nasa tak kan dawng a ni tih kan hriat a pawimawh hle. Khawvel tukverha dak thei turin an rorelna rah thain rahbi min tuksak a. Remchanna (opportunity) nasa tak rawn inhawng ta hi hmasialna thain kan lo pawm a pawimawh hle a ni. Kan zalenna kan hloh, mahse kawngka zau tak hawnsak kan ni hlauh thung.